The steelmaking process involves converting liquid iron into steel via basic oxygen furnace (BOF, also known as converter) or melting scrap steel and/or direct reduced iron (DRI) in an electric arc furnace (EAF).

Recovery of BOF gas is the single most energy-saving improvement in the BOF process, making it a net energy producer. The BOF gas containing approximately 70-80% carbon monoxide(CO) is usually recovered in gas holder for future use.

On-line instruments especially exhaust gas monitor are used to optimize operations of an EAF. Benefits of it include reduced electricity consumption, shorter power-on times, increased productivity, a decrease in production costs, a reduction of electrode consumption, reduced natural gas, oxygen and carbon consumption, and a reduction of refractory wear.